tenses

TENSE

                     Present                                             Past                                             Future

Simple Present Tense                   Simple Past Tense                    Simple Future Tense

                  (S+V1/Vs)                                        (S+V2)                              (S+shall/will+V1)

*I do my homework.                           * I did my homework.                   * I shall do my homework.

*She does her homework.                  * She did her homework.                * She will do her homework.

Uses-to show                                        Uses-to show                               Uses-to show

         1)Universal truth                          1)Habitual action in past           1)future action      

         2)Habitual action                         2)Action took place 

         3)Action of that movement             some time ago.

Note: Shall= I,we

          Will=you,he,she,it,they

'Shall' is used with the pronouns you,he,she,it,they to express a command,a promise.

'Will' is used with the pronouns I and we to express willingness,promise,determination.

Present Continuous/Progressive       Past Continuous/Progressive        Future Continuous/Progressive

       (S+am/is/are+Ving)                         (S+was/were+Ving)                     (S+shall/will+be+Ving)

*I am doing my homework.          * I was doing my homework.         *I shall be doing my homework.

*She is doing her H.W.                  * She was doing her H.W.                 * She will be doing her H.W.

Uses-action which is going on      Uses - action which was            Uses- to indicate action that is 

                                                          going on in past and over                expected to continue for 

                                                          a period.                                           some time in the future.

Present Perfect Tense                     Past Perfect Tense                    Future Perfect Tense
(S+have/has+V3)                            (S+ had+V3)                            (S+shall/will+have+V3)
*I have done my homework.      *I had done my homework.     *I shall have done my homework.
*She has done her H,W,             *She had done her H.W.            *She will have done her H.W.

Uses-                                          Uses-                                            Uses-
the action which is                         The action that was completed      The action which will be                is just over                                    in the past                                       completed by a particular
                                                                                                              time in future.

Present Perfect Continuous       Past Perfect Continuous                Future Perfect Continuous
(S+have/has been+Ving)           (S+had been+Ving)                          (S+shall/will+have been +Ving)  *I have been doing my H.W.    *I had been doing my H.W.       *I shall  have been doing my H.W.
*She has been doing her H.W.  *She had been doing her H.W.  *She will have been doing her H.W.

Uses-                                           Uses-                                             Uses-
The action which began in the   The action which was going on     The action which will begin in   
past and is still going on.            in the past at some time.                 in future and will continue.



  * Do as directed:

A. Identify the tense and change it as instructed:

1. I have a pen. ( Change it into Simple Past)

2. It has been observed by teachers.( Change it into Present Continuous)

3. Did you know about it? ( Change it into Present Perfect)

4. Wait and watch.(Change it into Simple Future)

5. Aman rings Sam to solve his problems.(Change it into Past  Perfect)

    

ANSWER KEY for Grammar practice 2

ANSWER KEY for Grammar practice 2

1) Compound words - timeline, newspaper (Personal response)

2) The cat as well as the kittens has had no milk this morning.

3) Word chain - minute , entertainment , tournament , tennis , south (personal response)

4) Assertive

5) To make someone sick -I do not listen to my mother and make her sick.(personal response)

6) To gain - to infinitive 

     Now a days, students use internet to gain extra knowledge of any subject.(personal response)

7) We can do it. 

     can - ability

     Students can do anything if they decide. (personal response)

8) Let us globalise compassion , shall we?

9) No other animation studio is as successful as Pixar.

    Pixar is more successful than any other animation studio in the world.

10) I was advised to go home by my doctor.

11) Mary Kom said that she is good at cooking.

12) How bright the future is!

14) Dependent clause - which she uttered endlessly -  Adjective clause

15) Subject - I  ,  Predicate - invited her to a famous and expensive restaurant. 

GRAMMAR PRACTICE 2

GRAMMAR PRACTICE 2

Do as directed:

1)Write any 2 compound words:

2)Spot the error and rewrite the sentence.

   The cat as well as the kittens have had no milk this morning.

3)Complete the word chain of nouns:

   minute -, ......,......,......,......

4)Identify the type of           sentence(Assertive,Interrogative,Exclamatory,Imperative)

   The cricketer who excelled this season was felicitated.

5)Make a meaningful sentence using the phrase,

   'to make someone sick'

6)Pick out the non-finite verb from the sentence and identify its     type.Use the same in a sentence of your own:

   Jerry stooped to gain the piece of cheese.

7) Pick out the modal auxiliary and state its function and form a     sentence of your own using the same.

   We can do it.

8)Add a question tag:

    Let us globalise compassion.

9) Change the degree:

    Pixar is the world's most successful animation studio.

10) Change the voice:

     My doctor advised me to go home.

11)Rewrite in indirect speech:

    Mary Kom said,"I am good at cooking."

12)Change into exclamatory:

     My future is very bright.

13)Make a complex sentence:

     The people began to move towards the exit.

14)Pick up the dependent clause and explain it:

     The prayer,which she uttered endlessly,came unbidden to her     lips.

15)Pick out the subject and predicate:

     I invited her to a famous and expensive restaurant.

DETERMINERS

DETERMINERS

Read the following sentences:

1)"Don't make any mistake,Dell",he said.

2)My doctor advised me to go home.

3)Joey said to her,"You have not done your work."

4)The teacher said,"The earth revolves round the sun."

5)Whose book is lying on that desk?  

If you see carefully,you will find that a specific word has been used before the nouns.These words are called DETERMIMERS.

e.g. articles  -  a,an,the

       interrogative adjectives  -  which,what,whose

       demonstratives  -  this,that,these,those

       quantitative  -  many,much,all,none,any,several,no,one,two,first,second

       distributive adj.  -  each,every

       possessive adj.  -  my,our,your,his,her,their,such

*Let's solve some examples:

- Underline the determiners:

1.There are fifty students in this class.

2.Jim looked about the room curiously.

3.Her book is on the table.

4.Each day makes you special, if you think positively.

5.Which book do you like to read.

6.They are all our children.
7.It was a simple matter to steal.

8.He took me to a room which had a gramophone in it.

*Answer key

1.fifty,this  2.the  3.her,the  4.each  5.which  6.all,our  7.a  8.a,a